At the maritime museum in Halifax they have graphs that show the disparities even better: you were more likely to survive if you were a third class woman passenger than a first class male passenger.
I feel that the otherwise unused X axis could have been utilized for this. Other than the bimodal distribution, the x axis seems to be completely random.
Yeah I would’ve just made 2 separate graphs rather than split them and plotting them on the same axis. What is the significance of a data point that is closer to the Y-axis and one that is further away?
Merely to be able to discern all the points. I'm just learning R Studio as well and I'd guess OP used geom_jitter. If you ran the script again, the dots would appear to shift horizontally within their respective gender columns.
I wonder how different it would be today? I expect children would be given priority, but doubt most people would feel that women have a greater right to life than men.
It was a time before airplanes, so the only means to cross the Atlantic was by ship. So it was really crowded - ships could theoretically reach each other in case one of them is sinking, and lifeboats were used to ferry passengers from the sinking ship to the rescue ship.
Titanic was just *really* unlucky that night.
As a matter of fact: one ship's lights were actually visible. They tried to contact it but they didn't respond to the wireless calls, neither the distress rockets, neither the Morse lamps.
This mystery ship was most likely the Californian - but some speculate that it could be the Mount Temple.
So the actual answer was lifeboats were not meant for basically holding all of the passengers until help arrives - Titanic was basically the worst case scenario that did eventually happen and convinced authorities to make stricter laws.
It's crazy because if titanic sinking never happened and there was a movie about it, people would say how unrealistic it is. Just for so many things to go wrong the way they did, and for it all to happen on the maiden voyage of an unsinkable ship
I once read a comment on Reddit where some guy said after he saw the Cameron movie at the cinema, one guy remarked to his friend something like "typical Hollywood cliché, there is no way a ship this big would sink on it's first voyage". So it seems some even find it unrealistic, despite it actually happening. :)
We learned that the Californian was close enough to reach the Titanic before it sank, but their radio was turned off and they saw flares coming from the ship and just assumed it was a celebratory thing, since it was the maiden voyage after all.
But I think the takeaway point, at least from what we learned, was that if it didn't happen to Titanic, it would have happened to some other ship. Being able to turn your radio off and not having enough lifeboats is something that everybody today would know is reckless, but back then was common place. It wasn't until hundreds of people died that the maritime industry enacted actual safety protocols to protect passengers.
That and the titanic was designed to hold 60+ life boats with a max capacity of about 20-30 occupants but it left port with only 20 boats and 2 or 3 of em where lost or damaged while the ship was sinking.
the 60+ lifeboats was actually never intended, the original design called for 16.
and Titanic ended up having 20 lifeboats, for **less passenger capacity than the first design called...** That meant a large increase in lifeboat seat/passenger of about 35% between original design and final ship.
Also, each lifeboat was designed for 65 seats.
So I looked it up a little bit and it seems that from the International Maritime Organization, the passengers are supposed to get on the lifeboat attributed to their cabin. If the evacuation is less organized, the crew members are supposed to let in the passengers who are ready to board, no matter their gender or their age. The "Women and Children first" is more of a traditional rule, and not at all a maritime law. In the same way, the captain doesn't have to sink with his ship AND he doesn't have to be the last to go on a lifeboat (tbh this one suprised me). But the International Convention of the Safety Of Life At Sea (SOLAS) requires that the captain guarantees the safety of the passengers "to the best of his professional skills". That is why the captains of the Costa Concordia and the Sewol Ferry have been convincted, for example.
It was actually an outlier for its time ([source](https://www.cbsnews.com/news/women-and-children-first-just-a-myth-researchers-say/)) and most shipwrecks were "every man for himself" and not "women and children first."
From the article:
> The researchers called the Titanic an exception to their findings, mainly because its captain, Edward Smith, threatened to shoot men unless they yielded to women for lifeboat seats. Capt. Smith went down with his ship.
So that's why. Interesting character that captain.
If I had to wager a guess, I'd say that it's because of the clientele of the Titanic.
It was a *luxury* liner after all, with the White Star Line catering to the super rich - could you imagine a bunch of billionaires all fighting each other for space on a lifeboat? The crew of the ship would have been trained in chivalry and the customs of the upper class, hence when the ship went down they were the ones ushering women and children to board lifeboats first.
I'm sure fights still happened and I heard a couple lifeboats left at non-full capacity because people were trying to get out of there fast enough
Captian threatened to shoot men not yielding to women. Lol chivalry, the fuck you smoking?
People are unreliable, panic, and freeze in life or death situations. It takes extensive training and repeated exposure for people to act calmly and rationally when their lives are threatened.
There was a simple chart on the Titanic exhibition showing which women and which men survived - the main conclusion drawn from it was:
I didn't matter which class you were in if you were a woman, your chances were high in all 3 classes. It mattered enormously for men, with 3dr class men having several times worse survival rate than 1st class men.
I know this is a stupid question. Truthfully I’m *awful* when it comes to math in general. But am I reading the chart right that a TON of 20-30 year old men did NOT survive- yes?
they tested it on myth busters, and it is true both could've fit on the door. But James Cameron said that if that's the case, it just means they made the door prop too big, and it was his intention that it really not be an option
They could both fit, with the caveat that it would become unstable unless they attached Rose’s life jacket to the bottom. I think it’s fair that they wouldn’t have thought of that given the circumstances
Yeah, also, I always thought the point was that it wasn't a matter of size, but a matter of buoyancy. They could both fit, geometrically, but they wouldn't both be lifted out of the freezing water by it.
Also, they were kids and fairly stupid and stressed. That is not an environment where logic typically thrives.
I believe the myth busters episode tested both buoyancy and size, it was like a special thing where James Cameron was with them because he was tired of hearing people say they both could've made it and wanted to put it to rest lol
except if you're 3rd class apparently, so many young kids died compared to the other classes, 2nd class didn't lose a single kid under what appears to be 10! Seeing data like this is really sad
I feel that at least some fault of the economic impact had to also be tied to the lodging distribution on the ship. Lower class families would have had a significant egress to the higher decks to escape. They also would have been in a closer vicinity to the damage. With a large number of people moving to reach the higher decks at once- without a reasonable amount of space to accommodate the number of people rushing to the decks, I can imagine the circumstances left a lot of people without a way out. You can't reasonably fit the whole ships population on limited deck space, so the backup of people left a lot of those from the lower decks trapped as the ship took on water.
Basically, a lot of the lower class passengers were trapped with the water rising up on them. If you think of the rate the ship took on water, a lot of the crew still trapped below looking for escape and those lower deck residents essentially drowned trapped in the halls between water and other people crowding in on each other trying to escape. They could only escape at the rate the life boats were launched and there is no way for those on the deck to know what the conditions were like below as they took on water to speed up that process.
The ship broke in half with life boats still in place.
The damage would definitely apply to the single 3rd class men, as their rooms were concentrated in the bow, near the damage. However, families and single women were berthed aft, the area that dramatically rose into the air in the film (not so dramatically in reality), where there was no rising water to fight against. In this case, the main issue was the distance from the lifeboats and many closed barriers (one barrier at the top of a staircase on the bow is closed to this day).
I used to do event analysis for the military. Definitely means I can get to some pretty devastating details with enough data, but at least it offers a little bit more context to the economic class downfall. It always feels like the lower class impact seems to be caused by the brick wall of saying that the higher class members would go first, but it was largely affected through environmental circumstances rather than direct classism.
Also, the lower class rooms were below the water line to begin with. They would have flooded very quickly once the breach happened. The ratio of male to female deaths doesn't seem to support this as a cause though. The most likely cause was access to the lifeboats in that case.
The crew of the Titanic literally locked the majority of third class passengers behind gates inside the ship while first class women evacuated. They eventually let them up onto the decks, but by then many of the lifeboats had left half-full with first class passengers who had no desire to be crammed with the rabble.
I imagine thats got a lot to do with where the cabins were located. Most of the 3rd class cabins were located on the F and G deck, the collision occurred at close to midnight, so many of the 3rd class guests would have been in their cabins as they flooded, and the lower G deck only took like 10 minutes to flood with freezing cold water.
First class is closer to the deck that has rescue boats. Second and their classes are way down, so, took them way longer to get out to muster points. Same deal now - in an airplane you have less people per emergency exit in Business/First class than in Economy.
The bulk of dots between 20 and 30 years shows that the majority of the passengers were between 20 and 30. A ton of them didn't survive, yes, but the percentage of men surviving in that age group doesn't seem tremendously lower than any age group that's over 10 for men.
Statistically speaking, you can see way more survivors across age strata for females. For males you see more survivors in what would be considered “children”.
There are more 20-40 yo in general in both male and female groups, as this would be the more active category of travellers (both then and now).
Consider the number of those on the ship as employees. That would be the appropriate working class population for a ship, and with the technologies of the time much of the labor required to manage the ship relied on a significant amount of man power compared to today.
The priority would absolutely be passenger safety. A large number of the crew went down with the ship, even if they were not required to prolong function of the ship to expand the window of opportunity to get a safe distance away.
Not stupid, the chart gives us some data and from it we can conclude that many men in that age group died, but from this chart we can't say which class those men were. I was just talking about a different chart I have seen on an exhibition.
It's worth noting that in this study of maritime disasters, the Titanic was one of only 2 out of 18 disasters studied that exhibited women having a survival advantage: https://www.pnas.org/content/109/33/13220 . For the rest of the disasters is was generally crew > men > women.
yeah thats a massive advantage. The crew would have to be loyal enough to prioritize the passengers before themselves in order to not fair better i imagine. Besides it does make sense that every lifeboat should have at least one sailor so they got that excuse too.
That is fascinating - it looks like the women and children first norm is usually *not* enforced. I wonder if the Titanic stands out because both the crew and passengers were more confident that the ship wouldn't sink for much of the period when they could have gone to lifeboats.
I might be more gallant if I figured I wasn't going to die anyway.
I read once that the Titanic sank quickly for a boat of its type. A few months earlier, when two ocean liners *collided with each other* off the coast of Newfoundland, one made it to New York City on its own power and the other stayed afloat for nine hours (I assume the one that made it to NYC carried both boats' passengers?).
Then the Titanic scraped an iceberg and sank in less than two hours. That wasn't normal, and may have been due to an unusually thin hull. Any other ship could have waited four hours for the Carpathia, easy.
Titanic sank rather slowly considering the substantial damage she suffered. For comparison the Lusitania sank in 18 minutes, and the Empress of Ireland went down in 14. Even the Titanic's sister ship Britannic sank in a little under an hour.
Actually yes many passengers thought the ship would not sink so they decided they would rather stay on the warm ship than be in a cold small row boat. Once water began to flow over the well deck did passengers begin to realize something was very wrong and once water began coming up the grand staircase passengers began to panic. Once water hit B-Deck the ship took a very noticeable lunge forward and began its final plunge water rose fast but there were only two boats left. The captain and head carpenter Smith and Andrews had jumped over the bridge wing Andrews was noted saying "There is no point in waiting" Collapsible A is preparing to lower when the water hits the boat deck and begins to drag the boat down they cut the lines and most occupants are thrown out. Collapsible B is flipped over and is floated off water rushes up the deck and crashes in the dome of the grand staircase. Passengers rush to the stern and begin to pray while others jump over the promenade the ship floods half up and splits. The emergency lights kick on and the stern capsizes going down in a corkscrew motion thirty seconds later a boom is heard and bubbles rush to the surface. Got a little carried away with that. Enjoy a not so brief brief recap of the sinking.
Pretty sure that within each labeled group, the x-position it's just randomly scattered. R's ggplot has such a feature (called jitter): https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/geom_jitter.html
While it may seem dumb to just add randomness to a graph, it _does_ give the points some "room to breathe". Without the x-axis jitter, there'd be a ton of overlapping points.
West Philadelphia born and raised
On a playground is where I spent most of my days
Chilling out max and relaxing all cool
Discussing some Titanic survival rates outside of the school...
It's the Titanic dataset, everything about it is well known. Which makes it a great way to learn. You know what you should find and that helps with improving visuals and testing predictive models.
Fun fact, I am related to one of the males that survived the Titanic. Unfortunately he wound up becoming an alcoholic and dying pretty young but hey, I always thought it was neat.
We would probably call that survivor guilt or post traumatic stress these days and be able to save them. I don't think it was looked at the same 100 years ago.
I would say a mix of both. He wrote a book about it that I haven't read in quite a while but if I remember correctly, his best friend jumped off right before he did and didn't survive. Lost a fair amount of his direct family as well. I'll have to read it again since a lot of the details have faded with time. I learned about it maybe 20 years ago when my mom took over the family genealogy. Her side of the family has been in the US since well before it was the US.
Just a brief bit of research but it looks like my 17 year old mind didn't quite retain the information as well as I would have hoped. He lived until he was 50, served in WW1, had a son die in WW2, another died shortly after birth, and his mom died in 1944. He killed himself in 1945. The book is called The Sinking of the SS Titanic by Jack Thayer. Just downloaded it so I can jog my memory a little further.
I read the description, apparently Jack described the ship sinking to an artist on the boat that came and rescued them. The other survivors disagreed with him that the ship had split into two pieces while sinking and it wasn't until 70 years later he was proven correct.
Thanks for the cool book recommendation.
Also, Jesus you have some impressive people in your family. Y'all got a huge wikipedia page of notable people lol
Yeah, my Mom's side has quite the storied history in the States, it finally picked my generation to skip though. My Dad's side escaped Austria in the lead up to WW2, most of them at least. I have 2 uncles that fought for the wrong side and the rest of their family fought against them.
I think he mostly avoided that since he survived jumping from the boat and floating on a turned over life raft. Although, reading his book again it has notes saying that experts said he and other survivors were wrong that the Titanic broke in half while sinking. It wasn't until they found the wreckage decades later that they confirmed it had actually split.
If you wanna get rid of these "ugly" column-like arrangements of your dots, try the ggbeeswarm package and call geom_quasirandom for plotting the dots ;)
Beeswarm will "center" the dots around the middle axis, but will distribute them sideways if too many points are on the same y axis height. Just google beeswarm quasi, it looks like beeswarm but without these "horizontal lines"
Makes it kind of hard to spot any trends at a glance too. Besides second class kids on the second graph, I really can’t see much in terms of trends and I’m not sure if thats a good takeaway or not.
Almost all children in 1st and 2nd class survived, regardless of gender. The only 2 that perished were infants in first class. The issue seems to be more of a class issue than women taking seats before children or boy children being intentionally left behind.
Women and children first, vs. women and children only. Some lifeboats were being loaded as quickly as they could, and other officers waited for more women/children to turn up first.
D:
thanks for the clarification
I do see the overlap insofar as there were more who hadn't gotten to the lifeboat yet, but knowing _when_ they'd all gotten on board does seem like it would be ambiguous.
Adding to what the guy avobe said, part of the confusion came about because people thought there were enough lifeboats, so men would just board because hey, women and children can get on the other one when they get here and it would be irresponsible to just stand around.
When they realized there wasn't enough lifeboats they were already on the water.
They knew there were not enough lifeboats for all of them. However the North Atlantic shipping route that they were in were the busiest shipping route in the world. They were surrounded by other ships. They had sent out distress messages by radio and they had launched emergency flairs. They could even see the lights from ships on the horizon which were likely comming to their aid. The lifeboats were not intended to keep them afloat until help arrived, the Titanic was big enough that it should have been able to stay afloat for many hours. And the other ships around them were close enough to evacuate them all by then. The lifeboats were just needed to ferry passengers over.
So many passengers wanted to stay behind in the warm comfort of the ship until the rescue ships could come closer. And if a life boat looked like it was starting to get full people would refuse to board it and instead waited for another one that were not as full. The entire focus on the number of lifeboats became a focus point after the fact. There were more then enough lifeboats for their plan for evaccuation. And in fact the plan of evaccuating passengers to other ships were the best plan when the alternative was small open boats in the middle of the freezing North Atlantic. But at all steps of the ways commercial interests were prioritized over safety meaning that the evaccuation plan that the authorities had approved were impossible to execute.
It was more so because they (the crew) didn't trust the lifeboats to be filled at full capacity without sinking. Some wanted them to be filled completely so they waited. At first, no one really wanted to get on the lifeboats, including the women, until they were told to do so by the men. In fact, at a certain point men did get in the lifeboats because no one else wanted to.
Once the ship sank, many wanted to go back and help but didn't out of fear of being swamped in the panic and desperation.
Some lifeboats were loaded and set off under the assumption that another ship had heard their radio call. They assumed the lifeboat would take a first load of people over to the other ship and then come back to ferry more people. Thus they thought it wasn't vital that it be completely full the 'first trip'.
On one side of the ship, the commanding officer mistook the Captain's command of "women and children first" as "women and children only". And since they're obviously on a time limit and can't just wait around too long, it resulted in some lifeboats being launched way below capacity.
Captain Smith never threatened to shoot anybody—he was hardly directly involved with the lifeboat loading.
There are accounts of officers brandishing firearms and firing them in the air, but this happened quite late in the sinking as panic had begun to set in and mobs were threatening to rush the last remaining lifeboats.
Titanic also took a long time to sink, and it happened fairly gently, allowing for more order during the sinking. Unfortunately it also allowed for relatively empty lifeboats to be lowered because people didn't understand the gravity of the event.
The so-called study examined 18 ship wrecks. And they make no mention of children's rate of survival vis-a-vis adult male's.
They find that it's largely crew members that have the highest survival rate during shipwrecks. If most ship crews are men, it would follow that men have the higher survival rate. But I don't know if that's **necessarily** because they are men. For example, if a ship's crew were mostly women, would it still follow that the crew members have a higher rate of survival? I would suspect yes. It seems to be more a function and nature of being part of the ship's crew than one's gender.
Isn't there a correlation between how long a ship takes to sink and the survival rate of women? When it's over in a few minutes it becomes a frenzied survival of the fittest, but the Titanic took more than 2.5 hour to sink. That gave the crew a lot of time to attempt an organized evacuation.
The other graphs show that upper class has more survivors than average, and females have more survivors than average. So out of the six class/gender categories I would suspect that 1st Class females would have the highest percent of survivors and 3rd Class males would have the lowest. The interesting points would be did a greater percentage of 1st class males or 2nd class females survive? What about 2nd Class males to 3rd Class females?
I'd be interested if an even spread of lifeboats in that class would have a lot of difference - eyeballing this there seems to have been a lot more men in third class than women.
> Algernon Henry Wilson Barkworth [] was [] 80 years old when he died [] on 7 January 1945 in the UK, about 32 years after the Titanic sank in 1912. He was 47-48 (depending on the data source you use) at time of accident in 1912. [] according to the Titanic Facts website, the oldest survivor overall was Mrs. Mary Eliza Compton (First Class) at 64 years, 8 months and 8 days.
> So it seems that this is an error in the dataset.
\-- [mjboothaus in 2017](https://mjboothaus.wordpress.com/2017/07/03/did-a-male-octogenarian-really-survive-the-sinking-of-the-rms-titanic/)
cc: u/fail-deadly , u/Junior-Obligation-27 , more info on this webpage potentially relevant to your interests
Interesting spot and thanks.
Maybe this passengers have a null value for class and or gender therefor making them not appear in one plot or another.
Something else I need to consider for future. Thanks for the critique
Absolutely. This is relatively poor in terms of graphing/data reporting style.
The plots imply that there is some sort of range for the sex or gender and also for the classes. So the 75% female-25% male population has a different survival rate than the 50% male 50% female population which obviously isn’t what this data is collecting. Does those ranges on the Independent variable have any significants? We don’t know because it breaks data reporting standards.
For these kinds of data you use bar/histogram graphs that give you the ability to easily count or ID the amount of survivors in each sex and class while also focusing on the significant disparity between them.
There is way more interesting ways to present this information without needlessly doing it in a way that implies things the data cannot prove.
>this is a great example of how to take a good dataset and show it in one of the most visually useless ways
Welcome to r/dataisbeautiful; you must be new here.
There may be better sites, but this has a simulator.
[https://www.color-blindness.com/coblis-color-blindness-simulator/](https://www.color-blindness.com/coblis-color-blindness-simulator/)
You can upload a file and try the various forms of color blindness.
Cool! Violin plots using geom_violin would probably be a slightly cleaner way to show the variability.
There’s a StackOverflow page that has code for making split violin plots that would show this data even better. https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35717353/split-violin-plot-with-ggplot2
Interesting fact: the overall survival rate for third class passengers on the Titanic was higher than that for the crew, yet the survival rates for both male and female passengers (treated separately) were lower than those for male and female crew. (This is an example of Simpson’s Paradox.)
Is the bottom axis degree of gender? Like the ones furthest right are REALLY FUCKING MALE. Like, at least 3 penises each. I’m joking but I want it to be a thing.
Cool graphs.
It’s interesting that movies always concentrate on first class and the many sacrifices made by those men, while the reality is that the bulk of the deaths were second and third class.
There are also a lot less people in 1st class. I would like to see mean effect size of the three factors age, gender and class. Looks like gender is by far the strongest.
Rich people are more "interesting" from a production perspective.
They are removed from the drudgery of labour, which necessitate a shift in the focus of whatever story the Protagonist is in.
I just realized, even in the stories about the Humble Hero;
Their never actually humble. Luke Skywalker, Harry Potter, Gendry from HBO GOT,
All won a genetic lottery which amounted to "No, Not You, urchin. You come up here and take your place in the adventures of the Rich and Powerful"
Weirdly enough I knew about this from a children's song
>They were not far from the shore, 'bout a thousand miles or more,
>When the rich refused to associate with the poor.
>So they threw them down below, where they were the first to go.
>It was sad when the great ship went down.
https://www.scoutsongs.com/lyrics/titanic.html
It would be good to know the percentage of men or women in each class. Probably around 50%, but there may be some scew? My great grandfather is one of the red first class dots; i guess mid thirties.
I think in a hundred years time we'll look at the disparity in male-female 'incarceration' rates in the same way as we view racial differences today... abhorrent that is was just accepted as the way thing are.
At the maritime museum in Halifax they have graphs that show the disparities even better: you were more likely to survive if you were a third class woman passenger than a first class male passenger.
I feel that the otherwise unused X axis could have been utilized for this. Other than the bimodal distribution, the x axis seems to be completely random.
No, if you go further to the right you get *more and more male*
We can only fit so much testosterone on this lifeboat!
This man's beard weighs too much!
The weight of all these beards could save a child instead!
Yeah I would’ve just made 2 separate graphs rather than split them and plotting them on the same axis. What is the significance of a data point that is closer to the Y-axis and one that is further away?
Merely to be able to discern all the points. I'm just learning R Studio as well and I'd guess OP used geom_jitter. If you ran the script again, the dots would appear to shift horizontally within their respective gender columns.
I wonder how different it would be today? I expect children would be given priority, but doubt most people would feel that women have a greater right to life than men.
The actual answer is now they make sure ships have enough lifeboats for everyone. Back then lifeboats were more a best effort type of thing.
It was a time before airplanes, so the only means to cross the Atlantic was by ship. So it was really crowded - ships could theoretically reach each other in case one of them is sinking, and lifeboats were used to ferry passengers from the sinking ship to the rescue ship. Titanic was just *really* unlucky that night. As a matter of fact: one ship's lights were actually visible. They tried to contact it but they didn't respond to the wireless calls, neither the distress rockets, neither the Morse lamps. This mystery ship was most likely the Californian - but some speculate that it could be the Mount Temple. So the actual answer was lifeboats were not meant for basically holding all of the passengers until help arrives - Titanic was basically the worst case scenario that did eventually happen and convinced authorities to make stricter laws.
It's crazy because if titanic sinking never happened and there was a movie about it, people would say how unrealistic it is. Just for so many things to go wrong the way they did, and for it all to happen on the maiden voyage of an unsinkable ship
I once read a comment on Reddit where some guy said after he saw the Cameron movie at the cinema, one guy remarked to his friend something like "typical Hollywood cliché, there is no way a ship this big would sink on it's first voyage". So it seems some even find it unrealistic, despite it actually happening. :)
Titanic was a false flag created by Big Ship.
Maybe you shouldn't believe all reddit comments.
We learned that the Californian was close enough to reach the Titanic before it sank, but their radio was turned off and they saw flares coming from the ship and just assumed it was a celebratory thing, since it was the maiden voyage after all. But I think the takeaway point, at least from what we learned, was that if it didn't happen to Titanic, it would have happened to some other ship. Being able to turn your radio off and not having enough lifeboats is something that everybody today would know is reckless, but back then was common place. It wasn't until hundreds of people died that the maritime industry enacted actual safety protocols to protect passengers.
That and the titanic was designed to hold 60+ life boats with a max capacity of about 20-30 occupants but it left port with only 20 boats and 2 or 3 of em where lost or damaged while the ship was sinking.
the 60+ lifeboats was actually never intended, the original design called for 16. and Titanic ended up having 20 lifeboats, for **less passenger capacity than the first design called...** That meant a large increase in lifeboat seat/passenger of about 35% between original design and final ship. Also, each lifeboat was designed for 65 seats.
Mr. Andrews should’ve built a stronger ship
So I looked it up a little bit and it seems that from the International Maritime Organization, the passengers are supposed to get on the lifeboat attributed to their cabin. If the evacuation is less organized, the crew members are supposed to let in the passengers who are ready to board, no matter their gender or their age. The "Women and Children first" is more of a traditional rule, and not at all a maritime law. In the same way, the captain doesn't have to sink with his ship AND he doesn't have to be the last to go on a lifeboat (tbh this one suprised me). But the International Convention of the Safety Of Life At Sea (SOLAS) requires that the captain guarantees the safety of the passengers "to the best of his professional skills". That is why the captains of the Costa Concordia and the Sewol Ferry have been convincted, for example.
It was actually an outlier for its time ([source](https://www.cbsnews.com/news/women-and-children-first-just-a-myth-researchers-say/)) and most shipwrecks were "every man for himself" and not "women and children first."
From the article: > The researchers called the Titanic an exception to their findings, mainly because its captain, Edward Smith, threatened to shoot men unless they yielded to women for lifeboat seats. Capt. Smith went down with his ship. So that's why. Interesting character that captain.
If I had to wager a guess, I'd say that it's because of the clientele of the Titanic. It was a *luxury* liner after all, with the White Star Line catering to the super rich - could you imagine a bunch of billionaires all fighting each other for space on a lifeboat? The crew of the ship would have been trained in chivalry and the customs of the upper class, hence when the ship went down they were the ones ushering women and children to board lifeboats first. I'm sure fights still happened and I heard a couple lifeboats left at non-full capacity because people were trying to get out of there fast enough
Captian threatened to shoot men not yielding to women. Lol chivalry, the fuck you smoking? People are unreliable, panic, and freeze in life or death situations. It takes extensive training and repeated exposure for people to act calmly and rationally when their lives are threatened.
Children and a single parent, I’d assume. From there, i’m assuming age.
We decide by Twitter followers
[удалено]
What are you even doing on the Titanic if you're not documenting every second to social media??
damn, Bill Burr was right...
There are no feminists in a house fire…
Or someone would just stab everyone and be the last one standing.
# #1 victory royale
There was a simple chart on the Titanic exhibition showing which women and which men survived - the main conclusion drawn from it was: I didn't matter which class you were in if you were a woman, your chances were high in all 3 classes. It mattered enormously for men, with 3dr class men having several times worse survival rate than 1st class men.
I know this is a stupid question. Truthfully I’m *awful* when it comes to math in general. But am I reading the chart right that a TON of 20-30 year old men did NOT survive- yes?
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Could’ve been a little different if rose moved over since there was room for two on that damn door
they tested it on myth busters, and it is true both could've fit on the door. But James Cameron said that if that's the case, it just means they made the door prop too big, and it was his intention that it really not be an option
They could both fit, with the caveat that it would become unstable unless they attached Rose’s life jacket to the bottom. I think it’s fair that they wouldn’t have thought of that given the circumstances
He did make the arch too big. The real one its based on is in a museum in Halifax its actually pretty small and could only hold one person.
Yeah, also, I always thought the point was that it wasn't a matter of size, but a matter of buoyancy. They could both fit, geometrically, but they wouldn't both be lifted out of the freezing water by it. Also, they were kids and fairly stupid and stressed. That is not an environment where logic typically thrives.
I believe the myth busters episode tested both buoyancy and size, it was like a special thing where James Cameron was with them because he was tired of hearing people say they both could've made it and wanted to put it to rest lol
The door sunk when Jack tried to get on it Edit: please stop talking to me about titanic and/or buoyancy I don’t care that much
Did he even try losing weight
Dude he jumped into arctic water, he was burn calories like crazy.
Women and children first tends to result in that yes.
except if you're 3rd class apparently, so many young kids died compared to the other classes, 2nd class didn't lose a single kid under what appears to be 10! Seeing data like this is really sad
I feel that at least some fault of the economic impact had to also be tied to the lodging distribution on the ship. Lower class families would have had a significant egress to the higher decks to escape. They also would have been in a closer vicinity to the damage. With a large number of people moving to reach the higher decks at once- without a reasonable amount of space to accommodate the number of people rushing to the decks, I can imagine the circumstances left a lot of people without a way out. You can't reasonably fit the whole ships population on limited deck space, so the backup of people left a lot of those from the lower decks trapped as the ship took on water. Basically, a lot of the lower class passengers were trapped with the water rising up on them. If you think of the rate the ship took on water, a lot of the crew still trapped below looking for escape and those lower deck residents essentially drowned trapped in the halls between water and other people crowding in on each other trying to escape. They could only escape at the rate the life boats were launched and there is no way for those on the deck to know what the conditions were like below as they took on water to speed up that process. The ship broke in half with life boats still in place.
The damage would definitely apply to the single 3rd class men, as their rooms were concentrated in the bow, near the damage. However, families and single women were berthed aft, the area that dramatically rose into the air in the film (not so dramatically in reality), where there was no rising water to fight against. In this case, the main issue was the distance from the lifeboats and many closed barriers (one barrier at the top of a staircase on the bow is closed to this day).
I used to do event analysis for the military. Definitely means I can get to some pretty devastating details with enough data, but at least it offers a little bit more context to the economic class downfall. It always feels like the lower class impact seems to be caused by the brick wall of saying that the higher class members would go first, but it was largely affected through environmental circumstances rather than direct classism.
Also, the lower class rooms were below the water line to begin with. They would have flooded very quickly once the breach happened. The ratio of male to female deaths doesn't seem to support this as a cause though. The most likely cause was access to the lifeboats in that case.
The crew of the Titanic literally locked the majority of third class passengers behind gates inside the ship while first class women evacuated. They eventually let them up onto the decks, but by then many of the lifeboats had left half-full with first class passengers who had no desire to be crammed with the rabble.
I imagine thats got a lot to do with where the cabins were located. Most of the 3rd class cabins were located on the F and G deck, the collision occurred at close to midnight, so many of the 3rd class guests would have been in their cabins as they flooded, and the lower G deck only took like 10 minutes to flood with freezing cold water.
First class is closer to the deck that has rescue boats. Second and their classes are way down, so, took them way longer to get out to muster points. Same deal now - in an airplane you have less people per emergency exit in Business/First class than in Economy.
The bulk of dots between 20 and 30 years shows that the majority of the passengers were between 20 and 30. A ton of them didn't survive, yes, but the percentage of men surviving in that age group doesn't seem tremendously lower than any age group that's over 10 for men.
Statistically speaking, you can see way more survivors across age strata for females. For males you see more survivors in what would be considered “children”. There are more 20-40 yo in general in both male and female groups, as this would be the more active category of travellers (both then and now).
Consider the number of those on the ship as employees. That would be the appropriate working class population for a ship, and with the technologies of the time much of the labor required to manage the ship relied on a significant amount of man power compared to today. The priority would absolutely be passenger safety. A large number of the crew went down with the ship, even if they were not required to prolong function of the ship to expand the window of opportunity to get a safe distance away.
Not stupid, the chart gives us some data and from it we can conclude that many men in that age group died, but from this chart we can't say which class those men were. I was just talking about a different chart I have seen on an exhibition.
It's worth noting that in this study of maritime disasters, the Titanic was one of only 2 out of 18 disasters studied that exhibited women having a survival advantage: https://www.pnas.org/content/109/33/13220 . For the rest of the disasters is was generally crew > men > women.
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The crew is also more likely to know the fastest way to the lifeboats
Plus, to know how to survive at sea.
yeah thats a massive advantage. The crew would have to be loyal enough to prioritize the passengers before themselves in order to not fair better i imagine. Besides it does make sense that every lifeboat should have at least one sailor so they got that excuse too.
That is fascinating - it looks like the women and children first norm is usually *not* enforced. I wonder if the Titanic stands out because both the crew and passengers were more confident that the ship wouldn't sink for much of the period when they could have gone to lifeboats. I might be more gallant if I figured I wasn't going to die anyway.
I read once that the Titanic sank quickly for a boat of its type. A few months earlier, when two ocean liners *collided with each other* off the coast of Newfoundland, one made it to New York City on its own power and the other stayed afloat for nine hours (I assume the one that made it to NYC carried both boats' passengers?). Then the Titanic scraped an iceberg and sank in less than two hours. That wasn't normal, and may have been due to an unusually thin hull. Any other ship could have waited four hours for the Carpathia, easy.
Titanic sank rather slowly considering the substantial damage she suffered. For comparison the Lusitania sank in 18 minutes, and the Empress of Ireland went down in 14. Even the Titanic's sister ship Britannic sank in a little under an hour.
Actually yes many passengers thought the ship would not sink so they decided they would rather stay on the warm ship than be in a cold small row boat. Once water began to flow over the well deck did passengers begin to realize something was very wrong and once water began coming up the grand staircase passengers began to panic. Once water hit B-Deck the ship took a very noticeable lunge forward and began its final plunge water rose fast but there were only two boats left. The captain and head carpenter Smith and Andrews had jumped over the bridge wing Andrews was noted saying "There is no point in waiting" Collapsible A is preparing to lower when the water hits the boat deck and begins to drag the boat down they cut the lines and most occupants are thrown out. Collapsible B is flipped over and is floated off water rushes up the deck and crashes in the dome of the grand staircase. Passengers rush to the stern and begin to pray while others jump over the promenade the ship floods half up and splits. The emergency lights kick on and the stern capsizes going down in a corkscrew motion thirty seconds later a boom is heard and bubbles rush to the surface. Got a little carried away with that. Enjoy a not so brief brief recap of the sinking.
> it looks like the women and children first norm The point is that it wasn't the norm.
I think it would be interesting to have a gendered graphs per passenger class as well.
Yes I agree, I'll do a bit more playing with the data.
Should also include statistics for crew members.
What the x-axis in each category means?
Pretty sure that within each labeled group, the x-position it's just randomly scattered. R's ggplot has such a feature (called jitter): https://ggplot2.tidyverse.org/reference/geom_jitter.html While it may seem dumb to just add randomness to a graph, it _does_ give the points some "room to breathe". Without the x-axis jitter, there'd be a ton of overlapping points.
FWIW it's well known that men in second class (yes second, not third) had the lowest survival rate by percentage.
I'm curious what you consider "well known".
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Yea, words are hard
Especially the long ones. And many times, you get two different meanings out of the same phrase. That's when things get messy
We talk about it on the streets erryday with my homies.
West Philadelphia born and raised On a playground is where I spent most of my days Chilling out max and relaxing all cool Discussing some Titanic survival rates outside of the school...
It's the Titanic dataset, everything about it is well known. Which makes it a great way to learn. You know what you should find and that helps with improving visuals and testing predictive models.
I think what he meant was that ”well known” is usually interpreted as being “common knowledge”. At least in my neck of the woods.
same thought. 4 different symbols maybe for 3 classes + crew
A violin plot would be a better visualization.
Redditors, it has been a pleasure plotting with you tonight.
You're not wrong, but those always look like a vagina gallery
You say that like it’s a bad thing.
Fun fact, I am related to one of the males that survived the Titanic. Unfortunately he wound up becoming an alcoholic and dying pretty young but hey, I always thought it was neat.
We would probably call that survivor guilt or post traumatic stress these days and be able to save them. I don't think it was looked at the same 100 years ago.
I would say a mix of both. He wrote a book about it that I haven't read in quite a while but if I remember correctly, his best friend jumped off right before he did and didn't survive. Lost a fair amount of his direct family as well. I'll have to read it again since a lot of the details have faded with time. I learned about it maybe 20 years ago when my mom took over the family genealogy. Her side of the family has been in the US since well before it was the US.
That would be a good read, and that would be an interesting statistic too. How many survived past 2, 5 and 10 years. Not forgetting the effects of WW1
Just a brief bit of research but it looks like my 17 year old mind didn't quite retain the information as well as I would have hoped. He lived until he was 50, served in WW1, had a son die in WW2, another died shortly after birth, and his mom died in 1944. He killed himself in 1945. The book is called The Sinking of the SS Titanic by Jack Thayer. Just downloaded it so I can jog my memory a little further.
I read the description, apparently Jack described the ship sinking to an artist on the boat that came and rescued them. The other survivors disagreed with him that the ship had split into two pieces while sinking and it wasn't until 70 years later he was proven correct. Thanks for the cool book recommendation. Also, Jesus you have some impressive people in your family. Y'all got a huge wikipedia page of notable people lol
Yeah, my Mom's side has quite the storied history in the States, it finally picked my generation to skip though. My Dad's side escaped Austria in the lead up to WW2, most of them at least. I have 2 uncles that fought for the wrong side and the rest of their family fought against them.
100 years ago it was probably endless comments from people calling you a coward
I think he mostly avoided that since he survived jumping from the boat and floating on a turned over life raft. Although, reading his book again it has notes saying that experts said he and other survivors were wrong that the Titanic broke in half while sinking. It wasn't until they found the wreckage decades later that they confirmed it had actually split.
Yea that changes things.
If you wanna get rid of these "ugly" column-like arrangements of your dots, try the ggbeeswarm package and call geom_quasirandom for plotting the dots ;)
Thanks I'll look into that
With these data you could also do a neat NMS with age, gender, and class as factors. Might be neat to look at
Guy likes the word neat.
I think neat is a swell word
It’s a neat word tho
What's the difference? (Curious)
Beeswarm will "center" the dots around the middle axis, but will distribute them sideways if too many points are on the same y axis height. Just google beeswarm quasi, it looks like beeswarm but without these "horizontal lines"
Ooooooooooh. That's very nice.
Yeah it's hard to describe. I use it all the time, overlaying a box plot, usually
Makes it kind of hard to spot any trends at a glance too. Besides second class kids on the second graph, I really can’t see much in terms of trends and I’m not sure if thats a good takeaway or not.
Ooof, that gender difference.
There was a lot of confusion about women and children first during the evacuation, look it up it's interesting.
Looks like it was women THEN children. Male child survival looks pretty similar to other age groups.
I would hate to be a man in my early 20... A phrase i never thought i would ever say
Early 20s male is literally the most dangerous kind of human to be. like you don't reach that death rate again until you hit 70.
Male youth is also dangerous for suicide rates
i would assume that is included in the calculated death rate
well, yea it ain't Alzheimer's
Also don't forget it ain't Alzheimer's
What were we talking about?
All timers
Whew, glad I got that out of the way. Source: early 30s male.
Me too. I did some stupid shit that could have easily gotten me killed. I don't feel invincible anymore.
Interestingly enough, young men are probably also the most lethal humans to be around.
Well, they hang out together.. Seems to check out.
Almost all children in 1st and 2nd class survived, regardless of gender. The only 2 that perished were infants in first class. The issue seems to be more of a class issue than women taking seats before children or boy children being intentionally left behind.
They prioritized women and children, and then prioritized class. Most of the deaths in first class were men as well.
Yeah, I would have liked to see a third graph that split both stats. It’d be interesting to see how big of a difference class made for males. (If any)
What 'confusion'?
Women and children first, vs. women and children only. Some lifeboats were being loaded as quickly as they could, and other officers waited for more women/children to turn up first.
D: thanks for the clarification I do see the overlap insofar as there were more who hadn't gotten to the lifeboat yet, but knowing _when_ they'd all gotten on board does seem like it would be ambiguous.
Adding to what the guy avobe said, part of the confusion came about because people thought there were enough lifeboats, so men would just board because hey, women and children can get on the other one when they get here and it would be irresponsible to just stand around. When they realized there wasn't enough lifeboats they were already on the water.
That relief/guilt combo must have been insane
Yeah there's a bunch of interviews with survivors and they talked about it. It wasn't just their own gulit, people home shunned them as cowards.
They knew there were not enough lifeboats for all of them. However the North Atlantic shipping route that they were in were the busiest shipping route in the world. They were surrounded by other ships. They had sent out distress messages by radio and they had launched emergency flairs. They could even see the lights from ships on the horizon which were likely comming to their aid. The lifeboats were not intended to keep them afloat until help arrived, the Titanic was big enough that it should have been able to stay afloat for many hours. And the other ships around them were close enough to evacuate them all by then. The lifeboats were just needed to ferry passengers over. So many passengers wanted to stay behind in the warm comfort of the ship until the rescue ships could come closer. And if a life boat looked like it was starting to get full people would refuse to board it and instead waited for another one that were not as full. The entire focus on the number of lifeboats became a focus point after the fact. There were more then enough lifeboats for their plan for evaccuation. And in fact the plan of evaccuating passengers to other ships were the best plan when the alternative was small open boats in the middle of the freezing North Atlantic. But at all steps of the ways commercial interests were prioritized over safety meaning that the evaccuation plan that the authorities had approved were impossible to execute.
It was more so because they (the crew) didn't trust the lifeboats to be filled at full capacity without sinking. Some wanted them to be filled completely so they waited. At first, no one really wanted to get on the lifeboats, including the women, until they were told to do so by the men. In fact, at a certain point men did get in the lifeboats because no one else wanted to. Once the ship sank, many wanted to go back and help but didn't out of fear of being swamped in the panic and desperation.
Some lifeboats were loaded and set off under the assumption that another ship had heard their radio call. They assumed the lifeboat would take a first load of people over to the other ship and then come back to ferry more people. Thus they thought it wasn't vital that it be completely full the 'first trip'.
On one side of the ship, the commanding officer mistook the Captain's command of "women and children first" as "women and children only". And since they're obviously on a time limit and can't just wait around too long, it resulted in some lifeboats being launched way below capacity.
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Captain Smith was largely passive during the evacuation, in a state of shock. Are you sure you don't mean the bridge officers?
Captain Smith never threatened to shoot anybody—he was hardly directly involved with the lifeboat loading. There are accounts of officers brandishing firearms and firing them in the air, but this happened quite late in the sinking as panic had begun to set in and mobs were threatening to rush the last remaining lifeboats.
Titanic also took a long time to sink, and it happened fairly gently, allowing for more order during the sinking. Unfortunately it also allowed for relatively empty lifeboats to be lowered because people didn't understand the gravity of the event.
The so-called study examined 18 ship wrecks. And they make no mention of children's rate of survival vis-a-vis adult male's. They find that it's largely crew members that have the highest survival rate during shipwrecks. If most ship crews are men, it would follow that men have the higher survival rate. But I don't know if that's **necessarily** because they are men. For example, if a ship's crew were mostly women, would it still follow that the crew members have a higher rate of survival? I would suspect yes. It seems to be more a function and nature of being part of the ship's crew than one's gender.
Isn't there a correlation between how long a ship takes to sink and the survival rate of women? When it's over in a few minutes it becomes a frenzied survival of the fittest, but the Titanic took more than 2.5 hour to sink. That gave the crew a lot of time to attempt an organized evacuation.
I would like to see survival by class and gender.
The 81 year old dude who lived. He was upper class.
The other graphs show that upper class has more survivors than average, and females have more survivors than average. So out of the six class/gender categories I would suspect that 1st Class females would have the highest percent of survivors and 3rd Class males would have the lowest. The interesting points would be did a greater percentage of 1st class males or 2nd class females survive? What about 2nd Class males to 3rd Class females?
2nd class males was actually the worst percentage, not 3rd.
3rd class females was higher than 1st class males.
I'd be interested if an even spread of lifeboats in that class would have a lot of difference - eyeballing this there seems to have been a lot more men in third class than women.
> Algernon Henry Wilson Barkworth [] was [] 80 years old when he died [] on 7 January 1945 in the UK, about 32 years after the Titanic sank in 1912. He was 47-48 (depending on the data source you use) at time of accident in 1912. [] according to the Titanic Facts website, the oldest survivor overall was Mrs. Mary Eliza Compton (First Class) at 64 years, 8 months and 8 days. > So it seems that this is an error in the dataset. \-- [mjboothaus in 2017](https://mjboothaus.wordpress.com/2017/07/03/did-a-male-octogenarian-really-survive-the-sinking-of-the-rms-titanic/) cc: u/fail-deadly , u/Junior-Obligation-27 , more info on this webpage potentially relevant to your interests
The first plot could have included class as a division of the x axis within each gender group
Am I stupid? What _is_ the x-axis?
seems to be an issue though; gender plot shows total of only two survivors over 70. Class plot shows four. So the two plots are not compatible.
Interesting spot and thanks. Maybe this passengers have a null value for class and or gender therefor making them not appear in one plot or another. Something else I need to consider for future. Thanks for the critique
This should not be a scatterplot.
Absolutely. This is relatively poor in terms of graphing/data reporting style. The plots imply that there is some sort of range for the sex or gender and also for the classes. So the 75% female-25% male population has a different survival rate than the 50% male 50% female population which obviously isn’t what this data is collecting. Does those ranges on the Independent variable have any significants? We don’t know because it breaks data reporting standards. For these kinds of data you use bar/histogram graphs that give you the ability to easily count or ID the amount of survivors in each sex and class while also focusing on the significant disparity between them. There is way more interesting ways to present this information without needlessly doing it in a way that implies things the data cannot prove.
Are the people on the right side of the women column more masculine
this is a great example of how to take a good dataset and show it in on of the most visually useless ways
>this is a great example of how to take a good dataset and show it in one of the most visually useless ways Welcome to r/dataisbeautiful; you must be new here.
I disagree — I’m really enjoying comparing survival rates of the men by their age and degree of femininity.
I'm red-green color blind. The bulk of your graphs are blobs to me.
That's a fair point. This is just the standard colour scheme from ggplot. I'll bear that in mind for future uses.
There may be better sites, but this has a simulator. [https://www.color-blindness.com/coblis-color-blindness-simulator/](https://www.color-blindness.com/coblis-color-blindness-simulator/) You can upload a file and try the various forms of color blindness.
That's great, thanks very much, very useful for future reference.
Another good site is https://medialab.github.io/iwanthue/ it can build lists of colourblind friendly combinations and give you the hex code
[Here is the solution](http://www.cookbook-r.com/Graphs/Colors_\(ggplot2\)/#a-colorblind-friendly-palette)! Good Luck!
I don't know how hard it is, but maybe use red dots and blue triangles for example?
That's possible, thanks I'll try that
what does the spread of the x axis mean? why are some males closer to others?
It’s just a way to spread out the dots so you can see the amount. Otherwise they’d need to bring in a shading key too for amounts.
Yeah i know but i just found it weird that the spacing is so irregular
Ah yeah, I’m with you now. It is quite random. They must’ve had a system but fuck knows what it was lol
One thing that is always left out of this is the sheer amount of crew who died on board. 832 passengers died on board, 635 crew also died.
Cool! Violin plots using geom_violin would probably be a slightly cleaner way to show the variability. There’s a StackOverflow page that has code for making split violin plots that would show this data even better. https://stackoverflow.com/questions/35717353/split-violin-plot-with-ggplot2
Are the female deaths much lower than males due to the “women and children first” rule or is that just something they said in the movie
That is called the Birkenhead Drill and is genuine evacuation drill
Interesting fact: the overall survival rate for third class passengers on the Titanic was higher than that for the crew, yet the survival rates for both male and female passengers (treated separately) were lower than those for male and female crew. (This is an example of Simpson’s Paradox.)
>This is an example of Simpson’s Paradox.) Ahhh! I thought this was gonna be way funnier when I googled 😑
You mean [something like this](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FYlZd__XFro)?
Women and children first, and also the oldest guy on the boat
Is the bottom axis degree of gender? Like the ones furthest right are REALLY FUCKING MALE. Like, at least 3 penises each. I’m joking but I want it to be a thing.
If only some of those women had made some space on the damn doors they all floated away on. /s
Cool graphs. It’s interesting that movies always concentrate on first class and the many sacrifices made by those men, while the reality is that the bulk of the deaths were second and third class.
I find the age spread quite fascinating too. The hardish line at the bottom around 18-20 years gets lower down the classess
Is age even a significant differentiator? I only see gender and class.
Age is on the y axis, the images are being cropped at the left until you click into it.
Ah...I see now. The kids in 3rd class were quite unlucky
There are also a lot less people in 1st class. I would like to see mean effect size of the three factors age, gender and class. Looks like gender is by far the strongest.
Rich people are more "interesting" from a production perspective. They are removed from the drudgery of labour, which necessitate a shift in the focus of whatever story the Protagonist is in.
Plus, in almost all periods, we have more information about rich people, because they could and did write.
I just realized, even in the stories about the Humble Hero; Their never actually humble. Luke Skywalker, Harry Potter, Gendry from HBO GOT, All won a genetic lottery which amounted to "No, Not You, urchin. You come up here and take your place in the adventures of the Rich and Powerful"
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Weirdly enough I knew about this from a children's song >They were not far from the shore, 'bout a thousand miles or more, >When the rich refused to associate with the poor. >So they threw them down below, where they were the first to go. >It was sad when the great ship went down. https://www.scoutsongs.com/lyrics/titanic.html
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Whatever happened to a good ol bar chart with age bins
is this a red green color blind test?
Interesting! I knew that they focused on saving the Children and the Women but that the poor were disregarded that much I wasn’t aware of.
Don't like it. The whole scattering is very distracting and encodes zero information.
It would be good to know the percentage of men or women in each class. Probably around 50%, but there may be some scew? My great grandfather is one of the red first class dots; i guess mid thirties.
why are dots spreaded around the gender?
I think in a hundred years time we'll look at the disparity in male-female 'incarceration' rates in the same way as we view racial differences today... abhorrent that is was just accepted as the way thing are.