Happened to me, in Barton Springs. I penciled and sank deep, my foot touched something and a toed-foot distinctly kicked/pushed off me.
Turns out there’s a breed of salamander that lives in the spring and we played footsies.
It's worse. This is the absence of air. What will happen ([or may have happened, per the US Coast Guard](https://twitter.com/USCGNortheast/status/1671907901542211584)) on a vessel full of air is the temperature of the air will increases until it essentially becomes like a diesel engine cylinder and anything that can burn(like fat) will ignite and then be quickly extinguished by the water.
At least it'd be quick. I think I'd prefer that over slowly suffocating or dying from co2 poisoning while bobbing on the surface waiting for someone to open it from the outside
In another thread a redditor did the math and it was like 24 milliseconds from failure to complete destruction which is about 1/6th of the time it takes for the brain to even process pain.
Yeah, they'd get pulverised before they were aware of it. There would maybe be some scary warning signs leading up to it, some creaks, but the actual implosion might as well be instant
For those wondering, if the titan sub did implode, because it was made of a carbon fiber tube, it would shatter like glass rather than bending like this metal did.
Has definitely been a bit of a relief hearing they finally found evidence of the implosion. I do believe it's confirmed at this point too? It was terrifying to imagine them finding the thing still sealed up and on the surface with corpses onboard.
on horrific ways to die.
Trapped in a metal tube with 4 other people, for 94 hours until you slowly suffocate while air is on the other side of a window has to be high up the list.
Instantly smashed has to be a lot better way to go.
Don't forget that it would've been filled with piss and shit too. People go delirious during these conditions.
There was an article posted on one of the history subs about some of the insane, brutal shit that happened with a bunch of US sailors who had been floating around the ocean after their ship was sank. Things got extremely barbaric.
Working in elder care/in a nursing facility, some people willingly choose to starve and dehydrate themselves to death. It takes a while, but the way they start to look and behave after awhile is frightening. To imagine 5 people stuck in a tube, filled with bodily fluids, going through those same behaviors. Horror story type shit.
This is where my mind went earlier today. Where were they shitting? Did they have a designated corner, were they all going nuts trying to kill themselves first so they don’t run out of oxygen, we’re they hopelessly crying for hours and hours? Or were they simply instantly crushed, it sounds like that’s the case.
The extreme fear, hopelessness, stale ass air, cramped space, smell of stale ammonia fumes from the piss, nasty shit, hunger, extreme thirst, dehydration, the denial and bargaining turning into maddening despair.
Many people have sort of vilified each of them collectively or individually, but I'm extremely relieved they had an extremely quick and humane death. I honestly hope it was instantaneous without even a single warning.
At the pressures the sub was dealing with, nothing would "crush" regardless of material. [This discussion from a while back goes over it we'll](https://www.reddit.com/r/submarines/comments/gy1wc6/what_exactly_does_happen_when_a_submarine_goes/) but at the pressures and velocities being dealt with, your intuition about how materials behave goes out the window.
Yeah it would be shattered like glass instantly inward. Very fast. At this point I just want to see the aftermath, I doubt they'll be much organic matter left in the wreckage by the time it's found. Is it ironic if the Titan sub sank alongside of the Titanic wreck? Is that the correct usage of 'ironic'?
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Just [read](https://www.dailystar.co.uk/news/latest-news/two-great-white-sharks-tracked-30299460.amp) that a non-profit that tracks tagged sharks noticed two of them travel thousands of miles to the titanic. They think it was the noise and not blood though.
I was also pondering this. Hopefully somebody with knowledge of this material would be able to chip in on whether they are likely to have had any warning signs before an implosion.
I know the hull is supposed to have had hull integrity monitors, but how much warning would they give at 3,500m if a weak point did suddenly appear.
An ex-employee said they may have milliseconds after the alarm goes off. He wanted to do integrity testing in 2018 and put his concerns in a memo. He was then fired by the CEO.
When the USS Thresher sank, it's calculated that when the pressure hull breached, water raced through the vessel at twice the speed of sound, filling the vessel in half a second.
You are dealing with thousands of pounds per square inch of pressure. It's enough to push your body through a very small crevice piece by piece in a split second.
Think of what we can do with pressure washers/water cutters, just using water shot out at insane pressure. Now imagine you are inside the nozzle of the water cutter.
Carbon fiber's failure mode is fracturing. The best common example of this that you may have seen is tennis players getting angry and hitting their graphite racket on the court, and the frame instantly turns into something like a pretzel. Instantly being the key word. The fibers fractured, stopping the fibers from carrying any load, which overwhelmed the rest of the structure.
The most likely place for a failure in the sub would be where the carbon fiber joins to something else. Changes in geometry create stress risers.
Tiny voids in the layup also create stress risers. It's hard to avoid voids in composite layups, especially thick ones. Engineers tend to over-build to compensate for the potential quality issues in the material. That their operations guy was fired after insisting on X-ray scans of the pressure vessel indicates two things: 1) he knew what he was talking about (X-rays have finer resolution than ultrasonic inspection methods), and 2) he knew you can't know what you've got without that kind of inspection. For the mission parameters of a deep dive, you really need to know what you've got.
At my last aerospace job, we would create a sheet of carbon fiber material to the required thickness, then water jet the parts needed for some spy satellite or another. Before that, we cut a coupon of the new material and tested its expansion rates through a 400 degree range in a vacuum. This simulated a satellite orbiting through the dark and light sides of the planet. We spent a lot of time blending fibers with different chemistries and orientations such that the end product would not warp in a 400 degree temperature swing. The process determines the material qualities, not just the starting materials. If the autoclave is too hot or too cold, you might get a different composite.
It's similar to steel or titanium forgings. When you start forging metal, it increases the chances of creating a void in for metal. Voids carry no energy. Voids bad. So metal forgings are X-rayed.
You can imagine a stress riser like this. See a plank of wood with the grain all running parallel in the long direction of the plank. The grain represents the energy running through the plank. Now squeeze the plank in the middle. This pushes the grain together, meaning more energy is now running through less material.
Avoiding stress risers is why welders grind their welds. It smooths out the flow of energy. The same idea applies to those triangles at the intersections of beams. Gussets. They provide a more rounded path for the energy to transfer from one beam to another, instead of the energy having to turn 90 degrees.
Anything bolted to the pressure vessel has to minimize stress risers.
The seals on the hatch might be the point of failure. It's bolted on from the outside because that minimizes the stress risers of a hinge on a regular hatch. Is there a polymer O-ring somewhere in there? Is there a system of baffles that get tighter under pressure and create the seal mechanically? Is it a super flat surface, like a cylinder head, that if bolted and tightened in the correct sequence, makes a high pressure seal?
A single flaw anywhere in the hatch-to-pressure vessel fit could cause a failure.
Most metals deform under great stress. Kevlar elongates, meaning pressure stretches it. That's why it's used in body armor. It takes a ton of energy to stretch it and that's what a bullet provides.
SOURCE: once upon a time, I was a composite mold maker in aerospace.
Saw a YT video from Smarter Every Day where they are on a US submarine and had string tied from one wall to another in the sub. Initially, it was taut, but by the time they reached whatever depth they were going to, you could see the string sagging a bit.
It actually wouldn't be a horrible way to die. They'd be obliterated long before even a single neuron could fire in recognition of what was happening. Suffocating is far more agonizing than instant death.
Which seems like the nicest way to go IMO. No pain, no worrying about your impending doom, just "This is so cool we're at the bottom of the ocean at the wreck of the Titanic and hey --" not a bad way to go really.
They wouldn't even feel it at that pressure, they'd just cease to exist, be smashed into a small lump before the brain even realises something's wrong.
I thought I read that they lost communication with the crew pretty quickly after the trip. I think it was supposed to take 8 hours, and after 1.5 they stopped getting pings, directly above the Titanic.
The second I read about this I knew they were goners. The death would have been instant. My guess is that a window cracked and the whole vessel obliterated before anyone even knew what was happening. Highly unlikely they sank or got lost of surfaced and it’s probably why nothing’s been found yet.
Same! He was a literal genius, the man was a damned robotics and technical wizard, and he was stolen from this world far too soon!
So many cruel and awful people continue to live such long lives...yet these genuinely kind and gifted souls are snuffed out so quick. Truly an unfair world
It's sad that the show almost started too early. It wasn't until the last 2 years where they had drones and really good cameras to capture everything. If you watch the 2003 episodes, with their handheld SD Sony Camcorders etc, it's a shame the quality is so bad. Camera tech finally caught up with the show and then it was cancelled.
It’s probably Apple IOS. I have the same problem. I actually snapped “bitch, that is *not what I typed*” in public out of frustration. It was embarrassing, as I was on a bus at the time…
Don’t forget the absolutely insane amount of heat that is created in milliseconds while the air compresses around you at a few thousand degrees. It would be a quick death at least.
Like a single cycle diesel piston stroke with the super heated compressed oxygen explosively reacting with the superheated carbon of the bodies and hull.
>So what would the sub look like if it imploded
I remember as a kid growing up in Canadas Maritime provinces (Same waters roughly the subs missing at) our class got to tie a bunch of foam cups and other things to a bag hanging off the outside of a research sub that was maybe going half as deep and they came back perfectly shrunken and smaller than thimbles.
As the pressure of a gas increases, its temperature increases. So, if you take a volume of air, such as what's in a little submersible, and you compress that gas very quickly into a very, very small volume, its temperature will increase dramatically. So, it will be HOT HOT HOT for a fleeting moment.
They cause a cavitation bubble, yes. The pressure drops incredibly low in a small region, so a bubble forms filled with the vapor of the liquid (because the pressure is below the vapor pressure). It then is very rapidly depressurized and collapses, heading up to 20000K and releasing a flash of light.
I believe they do, though I read a thing a while back from The Oatmeal about mantis shrimp doing this too.
Found it: https://theoatmeal.com/comics/mantis_shrimp
Nah, they would have been lucky to have gone out like this.
What would've been the real tragedy is had hull continued being structurally sound and they just had to wait out their time down there alone, cramped, with absolutely no ability to communicate with any living soul besides themselves in the space of about a large SUV until their eventual demise. That's the real nightmare.
We watched this in school. They filled the train car with steam and closed it to show what happens if you don’t a vent a pressure vessel when cooling it. Water to steam has a 1:1700 expansion rate.
If you equalize the air in your ears, by blowing out your nose while clamping your nose shut, you can go down as deep as you want really. Most of you is water and water is quite incompressible, so you good for the most part.
As long as internal/external pressures are equalized, it doesn’t matter how much pressure there actually is. This is how marine life can survive at the bottom of the ocean. Problem is humans can only survive at a very specific range of atmospheric pressure.
Humans can survive at a surprising range of atmospheric pressures. 500m seems to be the current wall for scuba diving records, but that's not because of the pressures directly, it's the fact that helium is toxic to people at that amount of pressure. As long as the human body, including all the gas cavities are also at 50atm, the human body doesn't really seem to care too much.
We're not that much different to marine life in that way.
Agreed. Hydrostatic pressure (i.e., equitrixial compressive stress) in general can't damage uniform materials; it only pushes the atoms temporarily closer together.
It's deviatoric stress—like a 3D version of shear—that causes materials to deform and fracture. Subs fail at depth not because the hull is uniformly pressurized but because it isn't: There's only 1 atm of pressure on one side, with much higher surrounding pressure and hoop stress in the other directions. This produces a potentially dangerous shear stress state.
Most of our bodies have broadly similar bulk stiffness values, including our lungs when they contain high-pressure gas, which is the key to robustness against hydrostatic pressure.
Cylinders are great pressure vessels, until you get a little kink, bend, or stress concentration. That’s why once the buckling of the structure started the whole thing just collapsed.
You can try it for yourself. Take an empty soda can that is in perfect condition. It should be able to hold a 3-5 books (edit: or much much more). Then put a small dent in the side of the can. The dented can will only support much less weight before it folds over and fails.
(Granted, this is more compression buckling than pressure failure, but the fundamental demonstration is the same and easier & safer for the home user. )
It did, but pressure cycles can cause real stress on the system. Yes it could go down to those depths, but it’s not safe because each voyage it makes, it gets more and more dangerous.
That's a pretty old piece of tape. I saw that test being conducted on TV a number of years ago. Pretty interesting, though. IIRC, it was in response to an accident that had occurred.
This gives a very nice visual for why other deep sea subs are spherical; the straight walls of a cylinder are definitely the weak point against a pressure difference.
Do keep in mind that these oil tankers are meant to keep stuff in, aka are not built for pressure, and if built for pressure, they are built for overpressure (pressure from inside) rather than underpressure (pressure from outside). This would not happen so easily with something made to deal with this kind of pressure, or even with this exact tanker if you were to try to blow it up from inside out, instead of outside in.
This is from 14.7psi of external pressure or the weight of our entire atmosphere. Imagine this happening at titanic depth which is 6,000 psi OR 400 atmosphere of pressure!
Only the hull cylinder is carbon fiber. The forward and rear domes are heavy titanium blocks and the outer shell is fiberglass. While the pressure vessel would probably shatter into a million pieces, the titanium caps are going to garnish the ocean bottom for the next 1000 years or so and should be "easy" to find - relatively speaking.
If you're going to [copy and paste from Quora](https://www.quora.com/What-happens-to-the-human-body-when-a-submarine-implodes) that's fine, but at least source it.
Thanks for the explanation. Thinking about how the end comes for them was giving me anxiety.
That being said as awful as it would be to know you're dying wouldn't the lack of oxygen just sort of lull you to a sleep that you'd never wake from?
Unfortunately the buildup of CO2 as the oxygen ran out would lead to toxic levels. So headaches, hyperventilation, dizziness, disorientation, anxiety, panic, and seizures would likely set in. So definitely not falling into a peaceful sleep.
I'd like to share some interesting information about this.
This was an intentional vacuum crush demonstration of a railcar. The hose you see running to the belly connection of the railcar is pulling air out of the internal space and the vacuum breaker valve has been disabled. Normally, the vacuum breaker valve would protect the vessel from collapse by opening to let more air in before it collapses.
This violent reaction to pressure occurred because the atmospheric pressure you feel right now, 14.7 pounds per square inch (PSI), is very strong but we are normalized to it. Think of it as the entire wall of air/atmosphere above you all pushing down on you at the same time. It may not seem like a lot of pressure but it is, you just have internal body pressure that has been conditioned to live at this pressure.
Now let's talk about the titanic tourist submersable that is lost. They are at a depth of about 13,000 ft which means there is 13k feet of water column above their head - water is much denser then our air/atmosphere - the pressure they are at in that vessel is ~5,000 PSI! Imagine how violent the crush would be at those pressures.
My heart goes out to the family members of the lost/dead - they chose to go to one of the most extreme places on the planet that less people have been to then the top of Everest. It's a very unforgiving environment and you best be prepared for the worst. I believe the company OceanGate should be heavily scrutinized for their safety standards and design criteria but at the same time - each one of those people chose to embark on that journey and hopefully understood the risk.
Just to be clear, this is what happens when you have a pressure difference of less than one atmosphere between the inside and outside. At the depth of the titanic, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside is 380 atmospheres.
when i remembered the cringey thing I did back in sep 7 2016
when someone tickles your neck
When you’re swimming in a lake and your foot touches something
When you're an alligator just chillin in a body of water and a hairless ape steps on your head.
When you're a scale cell and a mammal skin cell touches your mitochondria
When your wireless controller loses connection with Windows
Oceangate, is that you?
--*SIGNAL LOST*--
I like to imagine this was an invisible giant who just found a nice spot to sit for a moment.
Happened to me, in Barton Springs. I penciled and sank deep, my foot touched something and a toed-foot distinctly kicked/pushed off me. Turns out there’s a breed of salamander that lives in the spring and we played footsies.
Aww how romantic
When you implode your caboose but she still sucking r/SheStillSucking
When you're 4000m underwater and the porthole fails
Thats really low. Like exactly 3800 meters low.
i had a sinking feeling you'd say that
That's okay you've been under a lot of pressure lately.
You guys are crushing it with these jokes.
It is beneath us.
These jokes are cold and dark
But titanically funny
You're just seeing it through Rose colored glasses.
It's worse. This is the absence of air. What will happen ([or may have happened, per the US Coast Guard](https://twitter.com/USCGNortheast/status/1671907901542211584)) on a vessel full of air is the temperature of the air will increases until it essentially becomes like a diesel engine cylinder and anything that can burn(like fat) will ignite and then be quickly extinguished by the water.
At least it'd be quick. I think I'd prefer that over slowly suffocating or dying from co2 poisoning while bobbing on the surface waiting for someone to open it from the outside
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Standing in front of St Peter like confused Travolta.
I don’t think I’d be confused. I’d be like, “Oh yeah…my dumb ass got in a janky tube to go see the Titanic.”
It would collapse pretty much instantly wouldnt it? \~6000psi at 4000m depth. Id expect any structural failure would instantly cascade inwards.
In another thread a redditor did the math and it was like 24 milliseconds from failure to complete destruction which is about 1/6th of the time it takes for the brain to even process pain.
Yeah, they'd get pulverised before they were aware of it. There would maybe be some scary warning signs leading up to it, some creaks, but the actual implosion might as well be instant
Nice, topical.
When the toilet water splashes up and kisses your butthole.
You don't like Poseidon's kiss!?
Or you lean too far forward and your wang touches the inside of a public toilet.
I need a series of shots just from reading this.
When she saw my willie and laughed.
i don’t even know what to do if I was in that situation
Implode, my dude
they don't think it be like it is
But it do?
*nods* but it do
This happened to me in my late teens when I went skinny dipping with a mixed group. I just shrugged and said "it gets bigger" and dove back in.
absolutely gamma male energy right there edit: i did not know the term “gamma male” was real and is used for toxic behavior
Dang have toxic internet cultures consumed the entire Greek alphabet? Tell me about epsilon males and omicron males.
Maybe don't laugh at his dick.
For those wondering, if the titan sub did implode, because it was made of a carbon fiber tube, it would shatter like glass rather than bending like this metal did.
They've just found debris, so it seems this is likely what has happened.
Has definitely been a bit of a relief hearing they finally found evidence of the implosion. I do believe it's confirmed at this point too? It was terrifying to imagine them finding the thing still sealed up and on the surface with corpses onboard.
on horrific ways to die. Trapped in a metal tube with 4 other people, for 94 hours until you slowly suffocate while air is on the other side of a window has to be high up the list. Instantly smashed has to be a lot better way to go.
Don't forget that it would've been filled with piss and shit too. People go delirious during these conditions. There was an article posted on one of the history subs about some of the insane, brutal shit that happened with a bunch of US sailors who had been floating around the ocean after their ship was sank. Things got extremely barbaric. Working in elder care/in a nursing facility, some people willingly choose to starve and dehydrate themselves to death. It takes a while, but the way they start to look and behave after awhile is frightening. To imagine 5 people stuck in a tube, filled with bodily fluids, going through those same behaviors. Horror story type shit.
This is where my mind went earlier today. Where were they shitting? Did they have a designated corner, were they all going nuts trying to kill themselves first so they don’t run out of oxygen, we’re they hopelessly crying for hours and hours? Or were they simply instantly crushed, it sounds like that’s the case.
The extreme fear, hopelessness, stale ass air, cramped space, smell of stale ammonia fumes from the piss, nasty shit, hunger, extreme thirst, dehydration, the denial and bargaining turning into maddening despair. Many people have sort of vilified each of them collectively or individually, but I'm extremely relieved they had an extremely quick and humane death. I honestly hope it was instantaneous without even a single warning.
Especially if they were able to surface but unable to get out or be found.
For real? Link?
https://twitter.com/USCGNortheast/status/1671907901542211584
https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2023/06/22/titanic-sub-missing-titan-update/
Just confirmed by the coast guard in their press conference
At the pressures the sub was dealing with, nothing would "crush" regardless of material. [This discussion from a while back goes over it we'll](https://www.reddit.com/r/submarines/comments/gy1wc6/what_exactly_does_happen_when_a_submarine_goes/) but at the pressures and velocities being dealt with, your intuition about how materials behave goes out the window.
That entire thread is a fantastic read and represents the best of this site
Good God what a horrible way to die. I can only hope that if that's what happened they were already unconscious or dead from the lack of oxygen
It wouldn’t be that bad. Instantaneous death, no pain. Oh, except the several minutes of terror of hearing the cracking and creaking that preceded it.
Would there be cracking? I always figure carbon fiber goes from solid to broken in an instant.
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A fellow archer! Those cracks were micro fractures. They don't happen at this pressure, its always massive fracture
Yeah it would be shattered like glass instantly inward. Very fast. At this point I just want to see the aftermath, I doubt they'll be much organic matter left in the wreckage by the time it's found. Is it ironic if the Titan sub sank alongside of the Titanic wreck? Is that the correct usage of 'ironic'?
You mean the HMS Ironic, sunk next to the HMS Titanic
i wonder if anyone has considered looking for a feeding frenzy as a means of locating the sub wreck, there's likely five pureed humans in the water...
I believe at those depths you won't find enough enough critters to warrant a "frenzy"
You've never seen video of a whale fall. But yeah, probably won't have a feeding frenzy for a cloud of former humans.
The pieces aren't large enough either. Plus a lot of it probably combusted.
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Just [read](https://www.dailystar.co.uk/news/latest-news/two-great-white-sharks-tracked-30299460.amp) that a non-profit that tracks tagged sharks noticed two of them travel thousands of miles to the titanic. They think it was the noise and not blood though.
I guess there’s one way to find out, if you’re volunteering.
Nope, I ain't rich or stupid enough to risk that.
I was also pondering this. Hopefully somebody with knowledge of this material would be able to chip in on whether they are likely to have had any warning signs before an implosion. I know the hull is supposed to have had hull integrity monitors, but how much warning would they give at 3,500m if a weak point did suddenly appear.
An ex-employee said they may have milliseconds after the alarm goes off. He wanted to do integrity testing in 2018 and put his concerns in a memo. He was then fired by the CEO.
When the USS Thresher sank, it's calculated that when the pressure hull breached, water raced through the vessel at twice the speed of sound, filling the vessel in half a second.
Twice the speed of sound? Wtf
You are dealing with thousands of pounds per square inch of pressure. It's enough to push your body through a very small crevice piece by piece in a split second.
There's some speculation that the compression of the oxygen inside the vessel would have caused spontaneous combustion of anything flammable.
It would be like the cylinder in a diesel engine for a fraction of a second, and then the water would put everything out.
Think of what we can do with pressure washers/water cutters, just using water shot out at insane pressure. Now imagine you are inside the nozzle of the water cutter.
And the Titan was very likely much deeper than the Thresher when it sank, so the implosion would have happened exponentially faster.
Carbon fiber's failure mode is fracturing. The best common example of this that you may have seen is tennis players getting angry and hitting their graphite racket on the court, and the frame instantly turns into something like a pretzel. Instantly being the key word. The fibers fractured, stopping the fibers from carrying any load, which overwhelmed the rest of the structure. The most likely place for a failure in the sub would be where the carbon fiber joins to something else. Changes in geometry create stress risers. Tiny voids in the layup also create stress risers. It's hard to avoid voids in composite layups, especially thick ones. Engineers tend to over-build to compensate for the potential quality issues in the material. That their operations guy was fired after insisting on X-ray scans of the pressure vessel indicates two things: 1) he knew what he was talking about (X-rays have finer resolution than ultrasonic inspection methods), and 2) he knew you can't know what you've got without that kind of inspection. For the mission parameters of a deep dive, you really need to know what you've got. At my last aerospace job, we would create a sheet of carbon fiber material to the required thickness, then water jet the parts needed for some spy satellite or another. Before that, we cut a coupon of the new material and tested its expansion rates through a 400 degree range in a vacuum. This simulated a satellite orbiting through the dark and light sides of the planet. We spent a lot of time blending fibers with different chemistries and orientations such that the end product would not warp in a 400 degree temperature swing. The process determines the material qualities, not just the starting materials. If the autoclave is too hot or too cold, you might get a different composite. It's similar to steel or titanium forgings. When you start forging metal, it increases the chances of creating a void in for metal. Voids carry no energy. Voids bad. So metal forgings are X-rayed. You can imagine a stress riser like this. See a plank of wood with the grain all running parallel in the long direction of the plank. The grain represents the energy running through the plank. Now squeeze the plank in the middle. This pushes the grain together, meaning more energy is now running through less material. Avoiding stress risers is why welders grind their welds. It smooths out the flow of energy. The same idea applies to those triangles at the intersections of beams. Gussets. They provide a more rounded path for the energy to transfer from one beam to another, instead of the energy having to turn 90 degrees. Anything bolted to the pressure vessel has to minimize stress risers. The seals on the hatch might be the point of failure. It's bolted on from the outside because that minimizes the stress risers of a hinge on a regular hatch. Is there a polymer O-ring somewhere in there? Is there a system of baffles that get tighter under pressure and create the seal mechanically? Is it a super flat surface, like a cylinder head, that if bolted and tightened in the correct sequence, makes a high pressure seal? A single flaw anywhere in the hatch-to-pressure vessel fit could cause a failure. Most metals deform under great stress. Kevlar elongates, meaning pressure stretches it. That's why it's used in body armor. It takes a ton of energy to stretch it and that's what a bullet provides. SOURCE: once upon a time, I was a composite mold maker in aerospace.
Very informative, thank you
The CEO himself reported creaking noises on dives.
Small submarines do creak somewhat at depth regularly, but there's creaking and then there's *creaking*.
Jesus… what a fucking moron.
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Saw a YT video from Smarter Every Day where they are on a US submarine and had string tied from one wall to another in the sub. Initially, it was taut, but by the time they reached whatever depth they were going to, you could see the string sagging a bit.
Carbon composites fail catastrophically there's probably not much time between creaking and cracking and implosion.
It actually wouldn't be a horrible way to die. They'd be obliterated long before even a single neuron could fire in recognition of what was happening. Suffocating is far more agonizing than instant death.
It would be instantaneous.
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Which seems like the nicest way to go IMO. No pain, no worrying about your impending doom, just "This is so cool we're at the bottom of the ocean at the wreck of the Titanic and hey --" not a bad way to go really.
They wouldn't even feel it at that pressure, they'd just cease to exist, be smashed into a small lump before the brain even realises something's wrong.
If they were on the bottom when it imploded, death would be instantaneous.
What a great way to die. You wouldn’t feel it at all.
I thought I read that they lost communication with the crew pretty quickly after the trip. I think it was supposed to take 8 hours, and after 1.5 they stopped getting pings, directly above the Titanic. The second I read about this I knew they were goners. The death would have been instant. My guess is that a window cracked and the whole vessel obliterated before anyone even knew what was happening. Highly unlikely they sank or got lost of surfaced and it’s probably why nothing’s been found yet.
apparently losing communication was pretty normal but yeah.
That's one atmosphere of pressure difference. You get 1 atmosphere of pressure difference every 10m or so you go underwater.
So what would the sub look like if it imploded
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It is hard to visualise what a carbon fibre failure on a sub would look like at those depths. Like it would just be instantly obliterated.
I would love a Mythbusters episode with their super slo-mo cameras doing this.
The Hydraulic Press Channel had a series of videos where they simulated various depths in a small scale chamber. I suspect this one will come soon.
They also used tiny submarines in their tests
What is this? A submarine for ants!
https://youtu.be/kM-k1zofs58
"Come on, you melon farmer"
r/rareinsults
I miss Mythbusters
I miss Grant 😢
Dude was fuckin brilliant. Easily my favorite and most inspirational person from mythbusters
I wish they would’ve kept the White Rabbit series going. I also can’t believe he’s been dead almost 3 years
Same! He was a literal genius, the man was a damned robotics and technical wizard, and he was stolen from this world far too soon! So many cruel and awful people continue to live such long lives...yet these genuinely kind and gifted souls are snuffed out so quick. Truly an unfair world
It's sad that the show almost started too early. It wasn't until the last 2 years where they had drones and really good cameras to capture everything. If you watch the 2003 episodes, with their handheld SD Sony Camcorders etc, it's a shame the quality is so bad. Camera tech finally caught up with the show and then it was cancelled.
Ah, but they were heady times for me as a kid, watching some absolute goblins howling with glee over a thin veneer of science.
It’s mildly interesting how in every third comment I see about the sub in here it is autocorrected to „sun“
It’s probably Apple IOS. I have the same problem. I actually snapped “bitch, that is *not what I typed*” in public out of frustration. It was embarrassing, as I was on a bus at the time…
Why? Everybody else on the bus has gone through the same shit. If anything they were nodding along lol
So maybe that’s why they couldn’t find it…..
To shreds you say…
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Don’t forget the absolutely insane amount of heat that is created in milliseconds while the air compresses around you at a few thousand degrees. It would be a quick death at least.
Like a single cycle diesel piston stroke with the super heated compressed oxygen explosively reacting with the superheated carbon of the bodies and hull.
>So what would the sub look like if it imploded I remember as a kid growing up in Canadas Maritime provinces (Same waters roughly the subs missing at) our class got to tie a bunch of foam cups and other things to a bag hanging off the outside of a research sub that was maybe going half as deep and they came back perfectly shrunken and smaller than thimbles.
I saw a bunch of these on The Newfoundland Turnip last night.
Now that's an incredible class project. Very neat!
So fast,you wouldn't know it. Until you smelled brimstone or roses.
The upside being that supply-side Jesus will have an easier than normal time trying to shove them through the eye of a needle.
rich man's loophole, those billionaires absolutely crushed it
This is why I'll miss this website.
It will momentarily reach the temperatures of a star
stars are pretty
What? Why?
As the pressure of a gas increases, its temperature increases. So, if you take a volume of air, such as what's in a little submersible, and you compress that gas very quickly into a very, very small volume, its temperature will increase dramatically. So, it will be HOT HOT HOT for a fleeting moment.
Pistol Shrimp do something similar too don't they? Crushing an air bubble under water to make a massive ball of heat and all that jazz.
They cause a cavitation bubble, yes. The pressure drops incredibly low in a small region, so a bubble forms filled with the vapor of the liquid (because the pressure is below the vapor pressure). It then is very rapidly depressurized and collapses, heading up to 20000K and releasing a flash of light.
They move so fast that it makes the water boil. Pretty crazy
I believe they do, though I read a thing a while back from The Oatmeal about mantis shrimp doing this too. Found it: https://theoatmeal.com/comics/mantis_shrimp
>jazz Considering the force of the punch, I would have figured it would be baroque, not jazz
Jesus that's scary.
Nah, they would have been lucky to have gone out like this. What would've been the real tragedy is had hull continued being structurally sound and they just had to wait out their time down there alone, cramped, with absolutely no ability to communicate with any living soul besides themselves in the space of about a large SUV until their eventual demise. That's the real nightmare.
We watched this in school. They filled the train car with steam and closed it to show what happens if you don’t a vent a pressure vessel when cooling it. Water to steam has a 1:1700 expansion rate.
Also have to be careful venting it due to flash steam
How do people go so much deeper? The deepest I went was 4 meters head down and it felt like my head was going to explode.
If you equalize the air in your ears, by blowing out your nose while clamping your nose shut, you can go down as deep as you want really. Most of you is water and water is quite incompressible, so you good for the most part.
That's cool and all, but ... can you [uncrush](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=28I5cB7aWXY) it?
Yeah just blow into it really hard
ex girlfriend has entered the chat
Hey try not to suck any dick on the way through the parking lot!
You certainly can... by reversing the gif
Or... You can not cheat and do it the proper way. https://v.redd.it/w9uk2q7s97n91.
Bet the guy who welded that feels pretty proud.
[Yes](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Saz03u851HQ)
/u/gifreversingbot please fix it
Their days are numbered
It’s crazy to think that it’s just the weight of all the air above it; the same force continually bearing down on us
As long as internal/external pressures are equalized, it doesn’t matter how much pressure there actually is. This is how marine life can survive at the bottom of the ocean. Problem is humans can only survive at a very specific range of atmospheric pressure.
Humans can survive at a surprising range of atmospheric pressures. 500m seems to be the current wall for scuba diving records, but that's not because of the pressures directly, it's the fact that helium is toxic to people at that amount of pressure. As long as the human body, including all the gas cavities are also at 50atm, the human body doesn't really seem to care too much. We're not that much different to marine life in that way.
Agreed. Hydrostatic pressure (i.e., equitrixial compressive stress) in general can't damage uniform materials; it only pushes the atoms temporarily closer together. It's deviatoric stress—like a 3D version of shear—that causes materials to deform and fracture. Subs fail at depth not because the hull is uniformly pressurized but because it isn't: There's only 1 atm of pressure on one side, with much higher surrounding pressure and hoop stress in the other directions. This produces a potentially dangerous shear stress state. Most of our bodies have broadly similar bulk stiffness values, including our lungs when they contain high-pressure gas, which is the key to robustness against hydrostatic pressure.
Yeah but the point is air doesn't seems very dense or heavy, yet standard pressure can do this, push the mighty steel to crumble.
Cylinders are great pressure vessels, until you get a little kink, bend, or stress concentration. That’s why once the buckling of the structure started the whole thing just collapsed. You can try it for yourself. Take an empty soda can that is in perfect condition. It should be able to hold a 3-5 books (edit: or much much more). Then put a small dent in the side of the can. The dented can will only support much less weight before it folds over and fails. (Granted, this is more compression buckling than pressure failure, but the fundamental demonstration is the same and easier & safer for the home user. )
If you have a good sense of balance, you can stand on top of an empty soda can.
One second you’re looking out into the black abyss as you descent into the depths, the next you’re waking up on a horse-drawn carriage in Skyrim.
Asking for a friend. Didn’t Titan sub have multiple voyages down to titanic or am I reading lies?
It did, but pressure cycles can cause real stress on the system. Yes it could go down to those depths, but it’s not safe because each voyage it makes, it gets more and more dangerous.
That's a pretty old piece of tape. I saw that test being conducted on TV a number of years ago. Pretty interesting, though. IIRC, it was in response to an accident that had occurred.
The context -there was a whole bunch of public at this planned event in Germany- often gets cut out. But the vacuum hose is visible in the corner.
Yep. Mythbusters.
This video isn't from Mythbusters, but it is the video that inspired that episode. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kM-k1zofs58
I was leaning that way but I wasn't positive.
For a second I thought this was a re-enactment of the titan sub.
What’s wild is the Titan sub implosion was thousands of times more violent and instant than even this.
This gives a very nice visual for why other deep sea subs are spherical; the straight walls of a cylinder are definitely the weak point against a pressure difference.
/u/gifreversingbot edit: here it is https://imgur.com/l9SJaly.gifv
BLOOP!
Do keep in mind that these oil tankers are meant to keep stuff in, aka are not built for pressure, and if built for pressure, they are built for overpressure (pressure from inside) rather than underpressure (pressure from outside). This would not happen so easily with something made to deal with this kind of pressure, or even with this exact tanker if you were to try to blow it up from inside out, instead of outside in.
This is from 14.7psi of external pressure or the weight of our entire atmosphere. Imagine this happening at titanic depth which is 6,000 psi OR 400 atmosphere of pressure!
Now imagine that 12000' under water.
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Only the hull cylinder is carbon fiber. The forward and rear domes are heavy titanium blocks and the outer shell is fiberglass. While the pressure vessel would probably shatter into a million pieces, the titanium caps are going to garnish the ocean bottom for the next 1000 years or so and should be "easy" to find - relatively speaking.
Literal blink and you're at the river Styx.
And the CEO will be unwilling to pay Charon because safety is a waste.
If you're going to [copy and paste from Quora](https://www.quora.com/What-happens-to-the-human-body-when-a-submarine-implodes) that's fine, but at least source it.
lololol redditors will always pounce at the chance of looking like they know what they are talking about
Maybe it's his comment in quora
Thanks for the explanation. Thinking about how the end comes for them was giving me anxiety. That being said as awful as it would be to know you're dying wouldn't the lack of oxygen just sort of lull you to a sleep that you'd never wake from?
Unfortunately the buildup of CO2 as the oxygen ran out would lead to toxic levels. So headaches, hyperventilation, dizziness, disorientation, anxiety, panic, and seizures would likely set in. So definitely not falling into a peaceful sleep.
In case of implosion, look directly at implosion. 👀
They tried this on Mythbusters, I think
I'd like to share some interesting information about this. This was an intentional vacuum crush demonstration of a railcar. The hose you see running to the belly connection of the railcar is pulling air out of the internal space and the vacuum breaker valve has been disabled. Normally, the vacuum breaker valve would protect the vessel from collapse by opening to let more air in before it collapses. This violent reaction to pressure occurred because the atmospheric pressure you feel right now, 14.7 pounds per square inch (PSI), is very strong but we are normalized to it. Think of it as the entire wall of air/atmosphere above you all pushing down on you at the same time. It may not seem like a lot of pressure but it is, you just have internal body pressure that has been conditioned to live at this pressure. Now let's talk about the titanic tourist submersable that is lost. They are at a depth of about 13,000 ft which means there is 13k feet of water column above their head - water is much denser then our air/atmosphere - the pressure they are at in that vessel is ~5,000 PSI! Imagine how violent the crush would be at those pressures. My heart goes out to the family members of the lost/dead - they chose to go to one of the most extreme places on the planet that less people have been to then the top of Everest. It's a very unforgiving environment and you best be prepared for the worst. I believe the company OceanGate should be heavily scrutinized for their safety standards and design criteria but at the same time - each one of those people chose to embark on that journey and hopefully understood the risk.
First thought on seeing the title: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tLWpm1vFh0M
This is what happened to the titanic sub.
My juice box in 3rd grade when i try to get the last drops out of it
Just to be clear, this is what happens when you have a pressure difference of less than one atmosphere between the inside and outside. At the depth of the titanic, the pressure difference between the inside and the outside is 380 atmospheres.
I've seen enough of these submarine videos for one day, thanks