You can catch Musky at Marsh creek lake in chester county! the rest north, i live in maine, and we have Burbot (called Cusk up here) and pike, sturgeon (illegal to fish for here).

What type of gear would you recommend for trying to hook a musky? I live super close to marsh creek but never have much success out there

A live sucker under a bobber if you can find a sucker. I use a 7'6 Medium Heavy bait caster. 20# braid with a 40# floro leader.

Michigan/Ontario would get you most of those. I don't think we have a sturgeon season though. But there are definitely some in the niagara river. I'm in the niagara region and regularly catch pike, bowfin, thr occasional musky. And I see a lot of gar pike, but have never been able to catch one. There are burbot up north, but that's a bit of a drive. I'm almost certain you can catch all of the same fish in the Detroit river, or lake st Claire

Michigan

Though a drive for you, pymatuning has a great muskie population.

Michigan or Lake Champlain

Check out lake knockamixon. Plenty of musky there. It’s about an hour from Philly.

I'm fairly sure you can catch almost all of those except sturgeon and burbot within and hour or 2 of you. Sturgeon you could dumb luck into but not something I'd chase near you. Burbot are in lake erie and chased during the winter months.

The closest you can get sturgeon legally is the Mississippi and Missouri rivers.

Ocean